Explore Compounds

Tirzepatide is a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist that has shown even stronger weight loss results than semaglutide in clinical trials. It targets two hormone pathways instead of one, making it potentially more effective for both weight loss and blood sugar control.

Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist originally developed for type 2 diabetes that has become one of the most effective weight loss medications available. It works by mimicking a natural hormone that regulates appetite and blood sugar, helping people feel full faster and longer.

GIP is an incretin hormone secreted by the intestine that plays a key role in glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. While traditionally recognized for its role in stimulating insulin secretion in response to nutrient intake, recent research highlights its involvement in lipid metabolism, bone health, and neurological function. It is currently a focal point of therapeutic development in combination with GLP-1 agonists for treating obesity and metabolic disease.

GIP is an endogenous incretin hormone released from the gut after nutrient intake. It plays a critical role in glucose metabolism by stimulating insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. While historically studied for its insulinotropic effects, modern research focuses on its systemic roles in adipose tissue, bone remodeling, and the central nervous system, particularly when combined with GLP-1 for metabolic therapies.

Modafinil is a prescription wakefulness-promoting drug approved for narcolepsy, sleep apnea, and shift work disorder. It's widely used off-label as a cognitive enhancer for focus and productivity.

GIP is an incretin hormone produced by the intestine that plays a vital role in regulating glucose levels, insulin secretion, fat metabolism, and bone health. While historically recognized for its insulinotropic effects, modern research focuses on its role alongside GLP-1 in treating metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.

An FDA-approved GLP-2 analog used to treat short bowel syndrome — a condition where the intestine cannot absorb enough nutrients. A prime example of a clinical peptide therapeutic with high evidence quality.

An FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonist used for both type 2 diabetes (Victoza) and weight loss (Saxenda). An earlier-generation option in the GLP-1 family, requiring daily injections versus weekly dosing of newer agents.

Tesamorelin is an FDA-approved synthetic analogue of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) that stimulates the pituitary gland to produce natural growth hormone. It is best known for significantly reducing visceral (abdominal) fat and is the only peptide in its class with an FDA approval for HIV-associated lipodystrophy. Researchers also study it for cognitive enhancement via IGF-1 elevation and its potential to reduce liver fat.

GIP is an incretin hormone naturally secreted by the intestine in response to nutrient intake. It plays a critical role in regulating insulin secretion, fat metabolism, and systemic energy balance. While historically viewed primarily as an insulin-stimulating hormone, recent research—particularly involving dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonists like tirzepatide—highlights its significant role in weight management and metabolic health.

GIP is a naturally occurring incretin hormone secreted by the intestine after nutrient ingestion. It plays a foundational role in metabolic regulation by stimulating insulin secretion, modulating fat storage, and signaling satiety in the brain. While historically overshadowed by GLP-1, it has recently become a key component in advanced weight loss and diabetes treatments like dual-agonist therapies.

Retatrutide is a triple hormone receptor agonist (GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon) in late-stage clinical trials showing the strongest weight loss results of any obesity drug to date—up to 24% body weight reduction in trials.

An FDA-approved melanocortin-4 receptor agonist specifically indicated for rare genetic obesity conditions (POMC, PCSK1, and LEPR deficiencies). Represents a new class of precision obesity medicine.

An FDA-approved synthetic peptide used to treat hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women. Also used off-label by men for erectile dysfunction and libido enhancement.

An FDA-approved synthetic GHRH analog used medically to reduce excess belly fat (lipodystrophy) in HIV patients. Also researched for cognitive benefits and general fat loss.

Cagrilintide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that has shown promising results for weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity when coadministered with semaglutide. It resulted in significant reductions in body weight compared to placebo, particularly in a clinical trial involving over 3400 participants.

SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a synthetic tetrapeptide designed to target and protect mitochondria. By stabilizing the inner mitochondrial membrane and interacting with cardiolipin, it helps maintain mitochondrial energy production and reduce the generation of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by stress or age-related dysfunction.

Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone that plays a key role in glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. It is released from the intestine in response to food intake and works alongside other hormones, notably glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), to regulate blood sugar levels.

A naturally occurring peptide derived from the thymus gland that plays a key role in immune regulation. FDA-approved in some countries for hepatitis and used off-label for immune support and cancer adjunct therapy.

SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a synthetic peptide designed to target mitochondria. It acts as an antioxidant that stabilizes the inner mitochondrial membrane, helping to protect cells from oxidative stress, improve energy production, and reduce cell death in conditions involving mitochondrial dysfunction.

A naturally occurring copper-binding peptide found in human plasma that declines with age. Widely studied for skin rejuvenation, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory effects. Available in topical skincare products.

LL-37 is a human cathelicidin peptide that plays a crucial role in innate immunity by transporting cGAMP to activate STING signaling, enhancing antiviral immunity, and exhibiting antimicrobial activity. It is influenced by vitamin D and can also induce cytotoxic effects in certain cell types.

SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a mitochondria-targeted peptide designed to stabilize the inner mitochondrial membrane by binding to cardiolipin. It is primarily researched for its ability to reduce oxidative stress, improve mitochondrial bioenergetics, and protect against cellular damage in conditions involving ischemia, inflammation, and aging-related degeneration.

Ipamorelin is a growth hormone secretagogue peptide that stimulates the pituitary gland to release more of your own growth hormone. It's considered one of the milder GH-releasing peptides with fewer side effects than alternatives.

NAD+ is a coenzyme found in every cell that's critical for energy metabolism and cellular repair. NAD+ levels naturally decline with age, which has made NAD+ supplementation (and precursors like NMN and NR) popular in the longevity space.

LL-37 is a human antimicrobial peptide known for its role in innate immunity and modulation of various biological processes including inflammation, immune response, and cytotoxicity in human cells. It is produced from the CAMP gene, with Vitamin D stimulating its expression.

A naturally occurring neuropeptide that plays a central role in regulating reproductive hormones (LH, FSH, testosterone, estrogen). Researched for fertility treatment, testosterone restoration, and sexual dysfunction.

A synthetic peptide analog of ACTH developed in Russia and used medically there for stroke recovery, cognitive decline, and ADHD-like symptoms. Popular in nootropic communities for focus and memory enhancement.

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone important for maintaining glucose tolerance. Recent research indicates potential therapeutic use in obesity, diabetes, and other conditions due to its multifaceted metabolic effects.

Oxyntomodulin (OXM) is a gut-derived peptide that plays a significant role in appetite regulation and metabolic processes. It activates glucagon and GLP-1 receptors, contributing to energy expenditure and reduced energy intake, making it a molecule of interest in obesity treatment.

A synthetic analog of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) that stimulates the pituitary to release more growth hormone. Popular in biohacker and athletic communities for recovery, muscle gain, and anti-aging effects.

GHRP-6 is a synthetic hexapeptide that stimulates growth hormone release and exhibits potential therapeutic properties in metabolic and regenerative medicine contexts.

A synthetic fragment of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring protein involved in wound healing, tissue repair, and inflammation reduction. Widely used in athletic recovery circles.

GIP is an incretin hormone that stimulates insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. It also plays roles in fat deposition, bone formation, and may influence cognitive functions.

SS-31 is a synthetic, mitochondrial-targeted peptide designed to stabilize the inner mitochondrial membrane by binding to cardiolipin. By protecting mitochondrial structure and integrity, it aims to enhance energy production (ATP) and mitigate oxidative stress in cells with high metabolic demand, such as those in the heart, kidneys, and eyes.

A synthetic heptapeptide developed in Russia based on the immune peptide tuftsin. Researched for anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) effects without sedation or dependence — sometimes called a 'peptide anxiolytic.'

GHRP-6 is a synthetic peptide that stimulates the secretion of growth hormone. It has shown potential in diagnosing growth hormone deficiency, enhancing autophagy, providing cardioprotective effects, and promoting recovery from metabolic injuries.

GHRP-6 (Growth Hormone Releasing Hexapeptide) is a synthetic peptide that stimulates the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. Originally studied as a diagnostic tool for pituitary function, recent research has explored its potential in regenerative medicine, specifically for tissue repair, protection of renal cells, and muscle preservation through metabolic regulation.

Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP) is an incretin hormone that plays a crucial role in glucose homeostasis by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells, enhancing fat deposition, and influencing appetite regulation and bone metabolism. GIP demonstrates distinct physiological effects compared to another incretin, GLP-1, particularly in the context of type 2 diabetes.

Cerebrolysin is a porcine brain-derived peptide mixture used primarily for neuroprotection in conditions such as acute ischaemic stroke and vascular dementia. Evidence regarding its efficacy remains uncertain, with recent reviews indicating little to no beneficial effects on mortality and a potential increase in non-fatal serious adverse events.

Epithalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide synthesized from a sequence derived from the bovine pineal gland extract, known for its potential geroprotective and neuroendocrine effects. It has been studied for its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, as well as its influence on melatonin synthesis and cellular health. Research suggests that Epithalon may enhance longevity and suppress tumor development in animal models, making it an intriguing candidate in aging and cancer research.

GIP is an incretin hormone produced in the gut that enhances insulin secretion in response to glucose. It has diverse effects beyond insulin regulation, including roles in fat deposition, bone formation, and potential impacts on appetite and memory.

GHRP-2 (Pralmorelin) is a synthetic growth hormone-releasing peptide that mimics ghrelin, promoting the release of growth hormone (GH) and stimulating appetite. It has been studied for its effects on muscle and bone growth, as well as appetite regulation in humans. It is currently under investigation for clinical applications including diagnosing GH deficiency.

GHRP-6 is a hexapeptide that stimulates the release of growth hormone in the body. It is primarily studied for its role in diagnosing growth hormone deficiencies and potential therapeutic applications in various conditions, including cardiomyopathy and kidney injury.

BPC-157 is a synthetic peptide derived from a protein found in stomach acid. It's popular in biohacking communities for its purported healing and recovery benefits, but human clinical trial data remains very limited despite extensive animal research.

PYY 3-36 is a peptide hormone that plays a key role in regulating appetite and energy balance. It is a truncated form of peptide YY, primarily secreted by the intestine after feeding, and is involved in satiety, reducing food intake, and potentially impacting insulin sensitivity and gut motility.

A mitochondria-derived peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA that regulates metabolic homeostasis. Associated with longevity, insulin sensitivity, and exercise mimicry — sometimes called an 'exercise in a shot.'

Epithalon is a tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) derived from the pineal gland, known for its potential geroprotective and neuroendocrine effects. It may enhance melatonin synthesis and has been shown to have various biological and pharmacodynamic activities, including prolonging lifespan in animal models.

NMN is a nucleotide derivative that acts as a precursor to Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+), a vital coenzyme found in all living cells. As NAD+ levels naturally decline with age, NMN supplementation is researched for its potential to restore NAD+ pools, thereby supporting energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and general cellular health.

GHRP-6 is a synthetic peptide that stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland. It has been investigated for its potential in diagnosing growth hormone deficiency and its pharmacological effects in various conditions, including cardiotoxicity management and recovery from tissue injury.

MK-677, also known as Ibutamoren, is an orally active growth hormone secretagogue that stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) and increases insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels, potentially offering anabolic benefits for muscle preservation and recovery in catabolic states.

Epithalon, a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly), has been studied for its potential geroprotective properties, including antioxidant effects, modulation of melatonin synthesis, and influence on lifespan extension in several animal models. Its mechanisms include enhancing telomerase activity and slowing the aging process, though further research is needed to validate these effects in humans.

Epithalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) is a therapeutic tetrapeptide known for its geroprotective and neuroendocrine properties, primarily linked to antioxidant effects and modulation of melatonin synthesis. It has shown potential in extending lifespan and reducing cancer incidence in animal studies, though human research is limited.

GHRP-6 is a synthetic hexapeptide that acts as a growth hormone secretagogue, meaning it stimulates the pituitary gland to release growth hormone. Beyond its endocrine effects, research has explored its potential for tissue protection, metabolic regulation, and anti-catabolic properties in various experimental models.

Epithalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) derived from a component of pineal gland extracts, known for its potential geroprotective effects, including antioxidative and neuroprotective properties. It has been shown to influence melatonin synthesis and telomerase activity, suggesting a role in aging-related processes.

GHRP-6 is a growth hormone secretagogue peptide that stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH). It is primarily researched for its potential benefits in growth hormone deficiency, cardioprotection, and metabolic regulation, with ongoing studies evaluating its safety and efficacy in various applications.

AOD-9604 is a peptide that is being researched for its potential to aid in obesity treatment and tissue regeneration. It activates the IGF-1 signaling pathway and has not been found to affect doping tests related to human growth hormone.

Rapamycin is an FDA-approved immunosuppressant medication used primarily in organ transplantation. In the context of longevity research, it is studied for its ability to inhibit the mTOR pathway, a key regulator of cell growth and metabolism, which has shown significant life-extending effects in various animal models.

A synthetic tetrapeptide derived from the pineal gland hormone epithalamin. Researched primarily for its purported ability to lengthen telomeres and extend lifespan — though most evidence comes from animal studies.

Klotho is an anti-aging protein primarily produced in the kidneys. It exists as a membrane-bound receptor and a circulating soluble hormone (s-Klotho). It acts as an obligate co-receptor for FGF23 to regulate phosphate and vitamin D metabolism and functions as a systemic pleiotropic factor that influences multiple signaling pathways related to inflammation, cellular senescence, and oxidative stress.

Klotho is an anti-aging protein primarily produced in the kidneys and brain. It functions as both a membrane-bound coreceptor for FGF23 and as a circulating hormone (s-Klotho) that regulates phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D metabolism. Research suggests that higher levels of Klotho are linked to extended lifespan and protection against various age-related degenerative diseases, whereas declining levels correlate with accelerated aging and chronic pathologies.

Melanotan II is a synthetic peptide that stimulates melanin production, causing skin tanning without sun exposure. It's also known to have effects on libido and appetite. It is NOT approved for human use.

Thymalin is a polypeptide complex derived from the thymus gland, primarily recognized for its role in stimulating and modulating the immune system. Developed originally in Russia, it is studied for its potential geroprotective properties, which include improving immunological status, supporting metabolic homeostasis, and potentially increasing lifespan through the regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation.

GHRP-6 is a synthetic growth hormone secretagogue that stimulates the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. It has been studied for its potential use in treating growth hormone deficiency, cardiotoxicity, and muscle recovery.

Epithalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide known for its geroprotective properties, potentially enhancing longevity and neuroendocrine function. It has shown promise in preclinical models for prolonging lifespan and delaying age-related diseases, such as breast cancer.

PYY 3-36 is a gut-derived hormone that acts as a signaling molecule to regulate appetite, satiety, and potentially drug-seeking behavior. Research focuses on its role in metabolic health, specifically as a potential adjunctive therapy to GLP-1 agonists for obesity management, though current clinical evidence suggests challenges with tolerability.

GHRP-6 is a synthetic peptide known to stimulate growth hormone (GH) release from the pituitary gland. It has been studied for its potential in treating various conditions related to GH deficiency, cardioprotection, and skeletal muscle repair.

GHRP-6 is a synthetic hexapeptide that stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland. It is notable for its potential therapeutic applications in diagnosing growth hormone deficiencies and may play a role in regenerative medicine, particularly in metabolic reprogramming during acute kidney injury (AKI).

PYY 3-36 is a peptide derived from the pro-peptide form of peptide YY (PYY), primarily secreted by the ileum in response to food intake. It plays a crucial role in regulating appetite, energy homeostasis, and metabolic processes. Emerging research highlights its therapeutic potential in obesity management and opioid use disorders.

LL-37 is a human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide involved in immune responses, showing properties of both antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity towards host cells. It has been implicated in various physiological and pathophysiological processes, including immune activation and inflammation.

Noopept (N-phenylacetyl-L-prolyl-glycine ethyl ester) is a synthetic nootropic peptide often used for its reported cognitive-enhancing properties. While popular in the supplement community for potential memory and learning support, current human clinical evidence remains limited, with the majority of research conducted on animal models.

Dihexa is a synthetic small molecule that mimics hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), aimed at enhancing cognitive function and providing neuroprotective effects, particularly against sensory cell toxicity. It shows promise in therapeutic applications related to mood, memory, and neuroplasticity.

MK-677 is an orally active growth hormone secretagogue known to improve nitrogen balance and promote growth hormone release. It has been associated with changes in body composition and some adverse effects, including potential hepatotoxicity.

Peptide YY (PYY 3-36) is a hormone involved in hunger regulation and metabolism. It acts as an appetite suppressant and has potential therapeutic applications in obesity and metabolic disorders, especially in combination with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists.

Cerebrolysin is a mixture of low-molecular-weight peptides and amino acids derived from porcine brain. It is used primarily for its neuroprotective qualities in treating acute ischaemic stroke and vascular dementia, particularly in Eastern Europe and Asia.

Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) known as a bioregulator. It is primarily researched for its neuroprotective, antioxidant, and geroprotective properties, particularly its ability to support brain health, cognitive function, and cellular resilience against oxidative stress.

Vilon is a synthetic dipeptide (Lysine-Glutamate) studied primarily in Eastern European research contexts as an 'anti-aging bioregulator.' It is believed to modulate gene expression and influence chromatin structure, potentially helping to reactivate genes that become silenced or condensed during the aging process.

Cortexin is a complex of low-molecular-weight, water-soluble polypeptide fractions derived from the cerebral cortex of cattle. It is primarily used in Russia and parts of Eastern Europe for its purported neuroprotective and nootropic properties, often investigated for the treatment of stroke, cognitive impairment, and neurological developmental disorders.

p21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that acts as a fundamental biological regulator. It is best known for its role in halting the cell cycle in response to DNA damage and regulating cellular senescence (the state where cells stop dividing but remain metabolically active).

Klotho is a protein primarily produced in the kidneys and brain that acts as an anti-aging factor. It regulates mineral metabolism, inhibits key inflammatory and pro-aging signaling pathways, and helps protect tissues from damage and senescence.

Humanin is a mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) that acts as a signaling molecule, or 'mitokine,' helping cells communicate stress responses. It is naturally produced by the body and has been linked to neuroprotection, metabolic regulation, and cellular vitality, often showing increased levels following physical exercise.

P21 is a protein that acts as a critical regulator of the cell cycle, serving as a checkpoint to stop damaged or stressed cells from dividing. By inducing cell-cycle arrest, it helps prevent the replication of mutated DNA and aids in the clearance of senescent (aged/damaged) cells via the immune system.

p21 is a protein that plays a critical role in controlling cell growth and division. It acts as a gatekeeper, arresting the cell cycle to allow for DNA repair or to trigger immune surveillance when a cell is damaged or stressed. In the context of aging and cancer research, p21 is being studied as a marker for senescent (aged) cells and a potential therapeutic target for removing those cells to improve healthspan.

P21 is a protein that acts as a key regulator of the cell cycle, functioning as an inhibitor that stops cells from dividing when they are damaged or under stress. It plays a dual role in both suppressing tumors and facilitating DNA repair. In the context of longevity research, P21 expression is a marker for senescent cells, and research is ongoing into how modulating these cells might impact aging and physical function.

P21 is a protein that acts as a key regulator of the cell cycle, primarily functioning to halt cell division in response to DNA damage or cellular stress. It is central to the process of cellular senescence, where it helps determine cell fate by either facilitating repair or marking damaged cells for clearance by the immune system.

PYY 3-36 is a peptide hormone derived from peptide YY, which plays a significant role in regulating appetite and energy metabolism. It has potential therapeutic applications in obesity and opioid use disorder, impacting food intake, glucose levels, and stress responses in animal models.